Reading scores before and after vocabulary training for 14 employees who did not complete high school

Data for Exercise 7.80

Vocab

Format

A data frame/tibble with 14 observations on two variables

first

reading test score before formal vocabulary training

second

reading test score after formal vocabulary training

References

Kitchens, L. J. (2003) Basic Statistics and Data Analysis. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning.

Examples

t.test(Pair(Vocab$first, Vocab$second) ~ 1)
#> 
#> 	Paired t-test
#> 
#> data:  Pair(Vocab$first, Vocab$second)
#> t = -2.2958, df = 13, p-value = 0.03896
#> alternative hypothesis: true mean difference is not equal to 0
#> 95 percent confidence interval:
#>  -7.4866946 -0.2275911
#> sample estimates:
#> mean difference 
#>       -3.857143 
#>